Methodology: how Levelvale calculates

Levelvale calculates what an apartment earns after all expenses and taxes and compares it with what the same money would earn in a savings account, bonds or an index fund. It is a calculation based on your numbers and our assumptions, not a forecast.

What the calculator includes

• the purchase price and buying costs;
• rent, vacant months between tenants and the agent fee per new tenant;
• repairs, insurance, rental income tax and property tax in the country where the apartment is;
• in the full analysis: mortgage, exchange rate, price growth, sale with a negotiated discount and selling costs, tax in your country of tax residency, inflation.

Where the data comes from

• Taxes for 57 countries are taken from official sources. Every rate has a link and a check date. If there is no official figure, the field stays empty and is marked “enter your own.”
• Exchange rates and deposit benchmarks are requested daily from official sources. Publication frequency varies by source; a previous value remains in use if a refresh fails. Individual bank and bond rates, tax and legal references are checked every two weeks. Sources and data dates are shown in the calculation.
• House price growth and inflation come from official national statistics and international data series. Each figure in the calculator shows its source and period next to it.
• The S&P 500 index fund return is the average from 1928 to 2025, with the worst decade shown alongside it.

What the calculator does not know The condition of a specific building, the reliability of the developer, the legal soundness of the deal, future prices and exchange rates. It does not yet calculate living in the apartment for part of the year. You need to check all of this separately.

Why this is not a forecast No one knows the future. We show what happens under a given set of assumptions and let you change them. Every assumption is visible and can be changed in the full analysis.

This is not investment, tax or legal advice.